STATUS REPORT

CONVENTION ON THE PROHIBITION OF THE DEVELOPMENT, PRODUCTION, STOCKPILING AND USE OF CHEMICAL WEAPONS AND ON THEIR DESTRUCTION

[THE CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION (CWC)]

(Paris, 13/01/1993)

ENTRY INTO FORCE : 30-Apr-01

Depositary: Secretary-General of the United Nations

Last updated by PacLII: 07-08-12
Parties Date of Signature Date of ratification
/
Other 		Entry Into Force Domestication Legislation
(where available)
Cook Islands 14 Jan 1993 15 Jul 1994 Rt    
Fiji 14 Jan 1993 20 Jan 1993 Rt    
Kiribati   07 Sep 2000 a    
Marshall Islands 13 Jan 1993      
Nauru 13 Jan 1993 12 Nov 2001 Rt    
Palau   03 Feb 2003 a    
Papua New Guinea 14 Jan 1993 17 Apr 1996 Rt    
Samoa 14 Jan 1993 27 Sep 2002 Rt    
Tonga   29 May 2003 a    
Tuvalu   19 Jan 2004 a    
Vanuatu   06 Sep 2005 a Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction Ratification (Act) No. 14 of 2005 (The Chemical Weapons Convention)  
 
Afghanistan 14 Jan 1993 24 Sep 2003 Rt    
Albania 14 Jan 1993 11 May 1994 Rt    
Algeria 13 Jan 1993 14 Aug 1995 Rt    
Andorra   27 Feb 2003 a    
Argentina 13 Jan 1993 02 Oct 1995 Rt    
Armenia 19 Mar 1993 27 Jan 1995 Rt    
Australia 13 Jan 1993 06 May 1994 Rt    
Austria [#] 13 Jan 1993 17 Aug 1995 Rt    
Azerbaijan 13 Jan 1993 29 Feb 2000 Rt    
Bahamas 02 Mar 1994      
Bahrain 24 Feb 1993 28 Apr 1997 Rt    
Bangladesh 14 Jan 1993 25 Apr 1997 Rt    
Belarus 14 Jan 1993 11 Jul 1996 Rt    
Belgium [#] 13 Jan 1993 27 Jan 1997 Rt    
Belize   01 Dec 2003 a    
Benin 14 Jan 1993 14 May 1998 Rt    
Bhutan 24 Apr 1997      
Bolivia 14 Jan 1993 14 Aug 1998 Rt    
Bosnia and Herzegovina 16 Jan 1997 25 Feb 1997 Rt    
Botswana   31 Aug 1998 a    
Brazil 13 Jan 1993 13 Mar 1996 Rt    
Brunei Darussalem 13 Jan 1993 28 Jul 1997 Rt    
Bulgaria 13 Jan 1993 10 Aug 1994 Rt    
Burkina Faso 14 Jan 1993 08 Jul 1997 Rt    
Burundi 15 Jan 1993 04 Sep 1998 Rt    
Cambodia 15 Jan 1993      
Cameroon 14 Jan 1993 16 Sep 1996 Rt    
Canada 13 Jan 1993 26 Sep 1995 Rt    
Cape Verde 15 Jan 1993 10 Oct 2003 Rt    
Central African Republic 14 Jan 1993      
Chad 11 Oct 1994 13 Feb 2004 Rt    
Chile 14 Jan 1993 12 Jul 1996 Rt    
China [#] 13 Jan 1993 25 Apr 1997 Rt    
Colombia 13 Jan 1993 05 Apr 2000 Rt    
Comoros 13 Jan 1993      
Congo 15 Jan 1993      
Costa Rica 14 Jan 1993 31 May 1996 Rt    
Croatia 13 Jan 1993 23 May 1995 Rt    
Cuba [#] 13 Jan 1993 29 Apr 1997 Rt    
Cyprus 13 Jan 1993 28 Aug 1998 Rt    
Czech Republic 14 Jan 1993 06 Mar 1996 Rt    
Cфte d'Ivoire 13 Jan 1993 18 Dec 1995 Rt    
Democratic Republic of the Congo 14 Jan 1993      
Denmark [#] 14 Jan 1993 13 Jul 1995 Rt    
Djibouti 28 Sep 1993      
Dominica 2 Aug 1993 12 Feb 2001 Rt    
Dominican Republic 13 Jan 1993      
Ecuador 14 Jan 1993 6 Sep 1995 Rt    
El Salvador 14 Jan 1993 30 Oct 1995 Rt    
Equatorial Guinea 14 Jan 1993 25 Apr 1997 Rt    
Eritrea   14 Feb 2000 a    
Estonia 14 Jan 1993 26 May 1999 Rt    
Ethiopia 14 Jan 1993 13 May 1996 Rt    
Finland 14 Jan 1993 07 Feb 1995 Rt    
France [#] 13 Jan 1993 02 Mar 1995 Rt    
Gabon 13 Jan 1993 08 Sep 2000 Rt    
Gambia 13 Jan 1993 19 May 1998 Rt    
Georgia 14 Jan 1993 27 Nov 1995 Rt    
Germany [#] 13 Jan 1993 12 Aug 1994 Rt    
Ghana 14 Jan 1993 09 Jul 1997 Rt    
Greece [#] 13 Jan 1993 22 Dec 1994 Rt    
Grenada 09 Apr 1997      
Guatemala 14 Jan 1993 12 Feb 2003 Rt    
Guinea 14 Jan 1993 09 Jun 1997 Rt    
Guinea-Bissau 14 Jan 1993      
Guyana 06 Oct 1993 12 Sep 1997 Rt    
Haiti 14 Jan 1993      
Holy See [#] 14 Jan 1993 12 May 1999 Rt    
Honduras 13 Jan 1993      
Hungary 13 Jan 1993 31 Oct 1996 Rt    
Iceland 13 Jan 1993 28 Apr 1997 Rt    
India 14 Jan 1993 03 Sep 1996 Rt    
Indonesia 13 Jan 1993 12 Nov 1998 Rt    
Iran (Islamic Republic of) [#] 13 Jan 1993 03 Nov 1997 Rt    
Ireland [#] 14 Jan 1993 24 Jun 1996 Rt    
Israel 13 Jan 1993      
Italy [#] 13 Jan 1993 08 Dec 1995 Rt    
Jamaica 18 Apr 1997 08 Sep 2000 Rt    
Japan 13 Jan 1993 15 Sep 1995 Rt    
Jordan   29 Oct 1997 a    
Kazakhstan 14 Jan 1993 23 Mar 2000 Rt    
Kenya 15 Jan 1993 25 Apr 1997 Rt    
Kuwait 27 Jan 1993 29 May 1997 Rt    
Kyrgyzstan 22 Feb 1993 29 Sep 2003 Rt    
Lao People's Democratic Republic 13 May 1993 25 Feb 1997 Rt    
Latvia 06 May 1993 23 Jul 1996 Rt    
Lesotho 07 Dec 1994 07 Dec 1994 Rt    
Liberia 15 Jan 1993      
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya   06 Jan 2004 a    
Liechtenstein 21 Jul 1993 24 Nov 1999 Rt    
Lithuania 13 Jan 1993 15 Apr 1998 Rt    
Luxembourg [#] 13 Jan 1993 15 Apr 1997 Rt    
Madagascar 15 Jan 1993      
Malawi 14 Jan 1993 11 Jun 1998 Rt    
Malaysia 13 Jan 1993 20 Apr 2000 Rt    
Maldives 4 Oct 1993 31 May 1994 Rt    
Mali 13 Jan 1993 28 Apr 1997 Rt    
Malta 13 Jan 1993 28 Apr 1997 Rt    
Mauritania 13 Jan 1993 09 Feb 1998 Rt    
Mauritius 14 Jan 1993 09 Feb 1993 Rt    
Mexico 13 Jan 1993 29 Aug 1994 Rt    
Micronesia (Federated States of) 13 Jan 1993 21 Jun 1999 Rt    
Monaco 14 Jan 1993 17 Jan 1995 Rt    
Mongolia 13 Jan 1993 28 Dec 1995 Rt    
Morocco   15 Aug 2000 a    
Mozambique 14 Jan 1993      
Myanmar 13 Jan 1993 24 Nov 1995 Rt    
Namibia 13 Jan 1993 12 Nov 2001 Rt    
Nepal 19 Jan 1993 18 Nov 1997 Rt    
Netherlands [#] 14 Jan 1993 30 Jun 1995 Rt    
New Zealand 14 Jan 1993 15 Jul 1996 Rt    
Nicaragua 9 Mar 1993 5 Nov 1999 Rt    
Niger 14 Jan 1993 9 Apr 1997 Rt    
Nigeria 13 Jan 1993 20 May 1999 Rt    
Norway 13 Jan 1993 7 Apr 1994 Rt    
Oman 2 Feb 1993 8 Feb 1995 Rt    
Pakistan [#] 13 Jan 1993 28 Oct 1997 Rt    
Panama 16 Jun 1993 7 Oct 1998 Rt    
Paraguay 14 Jan 1993 1 Dec 1994 Rt    
Peru 14 Jan 1993 20 Jul 1995 Rt    
Philippines 13 Jan 1993 11 Dec 1996 Rt    
Poland 13 Jan 1993 23 Aug 1995 Rt    
Portugal [#] 13 Jan 1993 10 Sep 1996 Rt    
Qatar 1 Feb 1993 3 Sep 1997 Rt    
Republic of Korea 14 Jan 1993 28 Apr 1997 Rt    
Republic of Moldova 13 Jan 1993 8 Jul 1996 Rt    
Reservation        
Romania 13 Jan 1993 15 Feb 1995 Rt    
Russian Federation 13 Jan 1993 5 Nov 1997 Rt    
Rwanda 17 May 1993 31 Mar 2004 Rt    
Saint Kitts and Nevis 16 Mar 1994      
Saint Lucia 29 Mar 1993 09 Apr 1997 Rt    
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 20 Sep 1993 18 Sep 2002 Rt    
San Marino 13 Jan 1993 10 Dec 1999 Rt    
Sao Tome and Principe   09 Sep 2003 A    
Saudi Arabia 20 Jan 1993 09 Aug 1996 Rt    
Senegal 13 Jan 1993 20 Jul 1998 Rt    
Serbia and Montenegro   20 Apr 2000 a    
Seychelles 15 Jan 1993 7 Apr 1993 Rt    
Sierra Leone 15 Jan 1993      
Singapore 14 Jan 1993 21 May 1997 Rt    
Slovakia 14 Jan 1993 27 Oct 1995 Rt    
Slovenia 14 Jan 1993 11 Jun 1997 Rt    
South Africa 14 Jan 1993 13 Sep 1995 Rt    
Spain [#] 13 Jan 1993 03 Aug 1994 Rt    
Sri Lanka 14 Jan 1993 19 Aug 1994 Rt    
Sudan [#]   24 May 1999 a    
Suriname 28 Apr 1997 28 Apr 1997 Rt    
Swaziland 23 Sep 1993 20 Nov 1996 Rt    
Sweden 13 Jan 1993 17 Jun 1993 Rt    
Switzerland 14 Jan 1993 10 Mar 1995 Rt    
Tajikistan 14 Jan 1993 11 Jan 1995 Rt    
Thailand 14 Jan 1993 10 Dec 2002 Rt    
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia   20 Jun 1997 a    
Timor-Leste   7 May 2003 a    
Togo 13 Jan 1993 23 Apr 1997 Rt    
Trinidad and Tobago   24 Jun 1997 a    
Tunisia 13 Jan 1993 15 Apr 1997 Rt    
Turkey 14 Jan 1993 12 May 1997 Rt    
Turkmenistan 12 Oct 1993 29 Sep 1994 Rt    
Uganda 14 Jan 1993 30 Nov 2001 Rt    
Ukraine 13 Jan 1993 16 Oct 1998 Rt    
United Arab Emirates 02 Feb 1993 28 Nov 2000 Rt    
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [#] 13 Jan 1993 13 May 1996 Rt    
United Republic of Tanzania 25 Feb 1994 25 Jun 1998 Rt    
United States of America [#] 13 Jan 1993 25 Apr 1997 Rt    
Uruguay 15 Jan 1993 06 Oct 1994 Rt    
Uzbekistan 24 Nov 1995 23 Jul 1996 Rt    
Venezuela 14 Jan 1993 03 Dec 1997 Rt    
Viet Nam 13 Jan 1993 30 Sep 1998 Rt    
Yemen 08 Feb 1993 02 Oct 2000 Rt    
Zambia 13 Jan 1993 09 Feb 2001 Rt    
Zimbabwe 13 Jan 1993 25 Apr 1997 Rt    
Keys:
  • Accession (a)
  • Acceptance (A)
  • Approval (AA)
  • Definitive Signature (s)
  • Formal confirmation (c)
  • Participation (P)
  • Notification (of provisional application, of special undertaking, etc) (n)
  • Ratification (Rt)
  • Reservation (r)
  • Succession (d)

(Unless otherwise indicated, the declarations and reservations

were made upon ratification or accession.)


Austria [up]

Declaration

[Same declaration, mutatis mutandis, as the one made by Belgium


Belgium [up]

Declaration made upon signature and confirmed upon ratification

As a Member State of the European Community, the Government of Belgium will implement the provisions of the Convention on the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, in accordance with its obligations arising from the rules of the Treaties establishing the European Communities to the extent that such rules are applicable


China [up]

Upon signature

Declarations

I. China has consistently stood for the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of all chemical weapons and their production facilities. The Convention constitutes the legal basis for the realization of this goal. China therefore supports the object and purpose and principles of the Convention

II. The object and purpose and principles of the Convention should be strictly abided by. The relevant provisions on challenge inspection should not be abused to the detriment of the security interests of States Parties unrelated to chemical weapons. Otherwise, the universality of the Convention is bound to be adversely affected

III. States Parties that have abandoned chemical weapons on the territories of other States parties should implement in earnest the relevant provisions of the Convention and undertake the obligation to destroy the abandoned chemical weapons

IV. The Convention should effectively facilitate trade, scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation in the field of chemistry for peaceful purposes. All export controls inconsistent with the Convention should be abolished.

Upon ratification

Declarations

1. China has always stood for complete prohibition and thorough destruction of chemical weapons. As CWC has laid an international legal foundation for the realization of this goal, China supports the purpose, objectives and principles of the CWC

2. China calls upon the countries with the largest chemical weapons arsenals to ratify CWC without delay with a view to attaining its purposes and objectives at an early date

3. The purposes, objectives and principles of CWC should be strictly observed. The provisions concerning challenge inspection shall not be abused and the national security interests of States parties not related to chemical weapons shall not be compromised. China is firmly opposed to any act of abusing the verification provisions which endangers its sovereignty and security

4. Any country which has abandoned chemical weapons on the territory of another country should effectively implement the relevant CWC provisions, undertake the obligations to destroy those chemical weapons and ensure the earliest complete destruction of all the chemical weapons it has abandoned on another state's territory

5. CWC should play a sound role in promoting international trade, scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation for peaceful purposes in the field of chemical industry. It should become the effective legal basis for regulating trade and exchange among the states parties in the field of chemical industry


Cuba [up]

Declarations

The Government of the Republic of Cuba declares, in conformity with article III (a) (iii) of the Convention, that there is a colonial enclave in its territory - the Guantanamo Naval Base - a part of Cuban national territory over which the Cuban State does not exercise its rightful jurisdiction, owing to its illegal occupation by the United States of America by reason of a deceitful and fraudulent Treaty

Consequently, for the purposes of the Convention, the Government of the Republic of Cuba does not assume any responsibility with respect to the aforesaid territory, since it does not know whether or not the United States has installed, possesses, maintains or intends to possess chemical weapons in the part of Cuban territory that it illegally occupies

The Government of the Republic of Cuba also considers that it has the right to require that the entry of any inspection group mandated by the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, to carry out in the territory of Guantanamo Naval Base the verification activities provided for in the Convention, should be effected through a point of entry in Cuban national territory to be determined by the Cuban Government

The Government of the Republic of Cuba considers that, under the provisions of article XI of the Convention, the unilateral application by a State party to the Convention against another State party of any restriction which would restrict or impede trade and the development and promotion of scientific and technological knowledge in the field of chemistry for industrial, agricultural, research, medical, pharmaceutical or other purposes not prohibited under the Convention, would be incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention

The Government of Cuba designates the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment, in its capacity as the national authority of the Republic of Cuba for the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction, as the body of the central administration of the State responsible for organizing, directing, monitoring and supervising the activities aimed at preparing the Republic of Cuba to fulfil the obligations it is assuming as a State party to the aforementioned Convention


Denmark [up]

Upon signature

Declaration

[Same declaration, mutatis mutandis, as the one made by Belgium


France [up]

Upon signature

Declaration

[Same declaration, mutatis mutandis, as the one made by Belgium


Germany [up]

Declaration made upon signature and confirmed uponratification

[Same declaration, mutatis mutandis, as the one made by Belgium


Greece [up]

Declaration made upon signature and confirmed uponratification

[Same declaration, mutatis mutandis, as the one made by Belgium


Holy See [up]

Declaration

[...] the Holy See, in conformity with the nature and particular condition of Vatican City State, intends to renew its encouragement to the International Community to continue on the path towards a situation of general and complete disarmament, capable of promoting peace and cooperation at world level

Dialogue and multilateral negotiation are essential values in this process. Through the instruments of international law, they facilitate the peaceful resolution of controversies and help better mutual understanding. In this way they promote the effective affirmation of the culture of life and peace

While not possessing chemical weapons of any kind, the Holy See accedes to the solemn act of ratification of the Convention in order to lend its moral support to this important area of international relations which seeks to ban weapons which are particularly cruel and inhuman and aimed at producing long-term traumatic effects among the defenceless civilian population.


Iran (Islamic Republic of) [up]

Declarations

The Islamic Republic of Iran, on the basis of the Islamic principles and beliefs, considers chemical weapons inhuman, and has consistently been on the vanguard of the international efforts to abolish these weapons and prevent their use

1. The Islamic Consultative Assembly (the Parliament) of the Islamic Republic of Iran approved the bill presented by the Government to join the [said Convention] on 27 July 1997, and the Guardian Council found the legislation compatible with the Constitution and the Islamic Tenets on 30 July 1997, in accordance with its required Constitutional process. The Islamic Consultative Assembly decided that

The Government is hereby authorized, at an appropriate time, to accede to the [said Convention] - as annexed to this legislation and to deposit its relevant instrument

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs must pursue in all negotiations and within the framework of the Organization of the Convention, the full and indiscriminate implementation of the Convention, particularly in the areas of inspection and transfer of technology and chemicals for peaceful purposes. In case the afore-mentioned requirements are not materialized, upon the recommendation of the Cabinet and approval of the Supreme National Security Council, steps aimed at withdrawing from the Convention will be put in motion

2. The Islamic Republic of Iran attaches vital significance to the full, unconditional and indiscriminate implementation of all provisions of the Convention. It reserves the right to withdraw from the Convention under the following circumstances

-- non-compliance with the principle of equal treatment of all States Parties in implementation of all relevant provisions of the Convention

-- disclosure of its confidential information contrary to the provisions of the Convention

-- imposition of restrictions incompatible with the obligations under the Convention

3. As stipulated in article XI, exclusive and non-transparent regimes impeding free international trade in chemicals and chemical technology for peaceful purposes should be disbanded. The Islamic Republic of Iran rejects any chemical export control mechanism not envisaged in the Convention

4. The Organization for Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is the sole international authority to determine the compliance of States Parties regarding chemical weapons. Accusations by States Parties against other States Parties in the absence of a determination of non-compliance by OPCW will seriously undermine the Convention and its repetition may make the Convention meaningless

5. One of the objectives of the Convention as stipulated in its preamble is to `promote free trade in chemicals as well as international cooperation and exchange of scientific and technical information in the field of chemical activities for purposes not prohibited under the Convention in order to enhance the economic and technological development of all States Parties.' This fundamental objective of the Convention should be respected and embraced by all States Parties to the Convention. Any form of undermining, either in words or in action, of this overriding objective is considered by the Islamic Republic of Iran a grave breach of the provisions of the Convention

6. In line with the provisions of the Convention regarding non-discriminatory treatment of States Parties

- inspection equipment should be commercially available to all States Parties without condition or limitation

- the OPCW should maintain its international character by ensuring fair and balanced geographical distribution of the personnel of its Technical Secretariat, provision of assistance to and cooperation with States Parties, and equitable membership of States Parties in subsidiary organs of the Organization

7. The implementation of the Convention should contribute to international peace and security and should not in any way diminish or harm national security or territorial integrity of the States Parties.


Ireland [up]

Declaration made upon signature and confirmed uponratification

[Same declaration, mutatis mutandis, as the one made by Belgium


Italy [up]

Declaration made upon signature and confirmed upon ratification

[Same declaration, mutatis mutandis, as the one made by Belgium


Luxembourg [up]

Declaration made upon signature and confirmed upon ratification

[Same declaration, mutatis mutandis, as the one made by Belgium


Netherlands [up]

Upon signature

Declaration

[Same declaration, mutatis mutandis, as the one made by Belgium


Pakistan [up]

Declaration

1. Pakistan has consistently stood for the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of all chemical weapons and their production facilities. The Convention constitutes an international legal framework for the realization of this goal. Pakistan, therefore, supports the objectives and purposes of the Convention

2. The objectives and purposes of the Convention must be strictly adhered to by all states. The relevant provisions on Challenge Inspections must not be abused to the detriment of the economic and security interests of the States Parties unrelated to chemical weapons. Otherwise, the universality and effectiveness of the Convention is bound to be jeopardized

3. Abuse of the verification provisions of the Convention, for purposes unrelated to the Convention, will not be acceptable. Pakistan will never allow its sovereignty and national security to be compromised

4. The Convention should effectively facilitate trade, scientific and technological exchanges and co-operation in the field of chemistry for peaceful purposes. All export control regimes inconsistent with the Convention must be abolished.


Portugal [up]

Declaration made upon signature and confirmed uponratification

[Same declaration, mutatis mutandis, as the one made by Belgium


Spain [up]

Declaration made upon signature and confirmed uponratification

[Same declaration, mutatis mutandis, as the one made by Belgium


Sudan [up]

Declaration of understanding

Firstly, the unilateral application by a State Party to the Convention, runs counter to the objectives and purposes of the Convention

Secondly, the Convention must be fully and indiscriminately implemented particularly in the areas of inspection and transfer of technology for peaceful purposes

Thirdly, no restrictions incompatible with the obligations under the Convention shall be imposed. Fourthly, the Organization for Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), is the sole international authority to determine the compliance of States Parties with the provisions of the Convention.


United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [up]

Upon signature

Declaration

[Same declaration, mutatis mutandis, as the one made by Belgium


United States of America [up]

Subject to the condition which relates to the Annex on Implementation and Verification, that no sample collected in the United States pursuant to the Convention will be transferred for analysis to any laboratory outside the territory of the United States

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