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Funeral Burial and Cremation Act 2017


REPUBLIC OF NAURU

FUNERAL BURIAL AND CREMATION ACT 2017

______________________________

No. 27 of 2017
______________________________


An Act to regulate funerals, burials and cremations and the operation of cemeteries and other facilities for the disposal of human remains; to repeal the Cemeteries Act 1922 and for related purposes

Certified: 19th December 2017

Table of Contents


PART 1 – PRELIMINARY
1 Short Title
2 Commencement
3 Definitions
4 Acts binds Republic


PART 2 – ADMINISTRATION
5 Funeral, Burial and Cremation Committee
6 Membership
7 Functions of the Committee
8 Meetings


PART 3 – BURIAL OR CREMATION PROCEDURE
9 Persons in control of funerals, burials or cremations
10 Prerequisite for burial or cremation
11 Person to provide information to Registrar of Births Deaths and Marriages
12 Disposal of human remains within 24 hours
13 Removal of human remains from the Republic
14 Time for burials and cremations


PART 4 – BURIAL GROUNDS OR CREMATORIUM
15 Public burial grounds or crematorium
16 Burial grounds for race, faith etc
17 Management of burial grounds or crematorium
18 Burial or cremation in designated burial grounds or crematorium
19 Application to carry out burial or cremation
20 Closure of burial grounds or crematorium
21 Reopening of closed burial ground or crematorium


PART 5 – REGISTER FOR BURIALS AND CREMATIONS
22 Register


PART 6 – PUBLIC BURIAL GROUND
23 Reservation at burial ground
24 Place of interment
25 One corpse per grave
26 Space between graves
27 Covering
28 Reopening or exhumation
29 Visitation rights
30 Tombstone and markings
31 Conduct of persons at burial grounds
32 Trespass
33 Animals
34 Power of Police to remove persons or to compound animals
35 Interference with human remains in burial ground
36 Desecration


PART 7 – BURIALS AT SEA
37 No burial at sea
38 Application for burial at sea
39 Approval for burial at sea
40 Circumstances where burial at sea shall not be allowed
41 Requirements


PART 8 – CREMATION
42 Forms of cremation
43 Construction of a crematorium
44 Application for cremation
45 Approval for cremation
46 Circumstances where cremation shall not be allowed
47 Cremation in special circumstances
48 Ashes
49 Disposal of ashes
50 Removal of ashes from the Republic
51 Duty of the attendant
52 Fees for cremation


PART 9 – PROHIBITION ON HOME BURIALS
53 Prohibition on home burials


PART 10 – MISCELLANEOUS
54 Still born child
55 Health practitioner certificate in relation to illness
56 Health practitioner certificate in case of accident or injury
57 Burial or cremation of a destitute person
58 False or misleading information
59 Delegation
60 Jurisdiction of the court
61 Evidentiary presumption
62 Regulations


PART 11 – REPEAL AND SAVINGS
63 Repeals
64 Savings


Enacted by the Parliament of Nauru as follows:

PART 1 – PRELIMINARY

1 Short Title

This Act may be cited as the Funeral Burial and Cremation Act 2017.

2 Commencement

This Act commences on 1 June 2018 or on any earlier date which may be gazetted by the Minister.

3 Definitions

In this Act:

‘Authority’ means the persons delegated the responsibility for the management of the burial grounds or crematorium;

‘burial ground’ means:

(a) land used or intended to be used for the burial of human remains;

(b) land that was designated under any other written law for the purposes of burial of human remains but has subsequently been no longer used for that purpose;

(c) for the disposing of ashes by burial after a cremation;

‘Committee’ means the Funeral, Burial and Cremation Committee established under section 5;

‘cremation’ means the reduction of human remains by burning by dignified means;

‘crematorium’ means:

(a) appliances, machinery and furnaces for effecting cremation and includes any building in which such appliances, machinery and furnaces are fixed;

(b) land for the purposes of constructing a pyre;

‘disposal’ means burial or cremation of human remains;

‘funeral’ means a ceremony connected to a burial or cremation of a deceased person;

‘human remains’ means the remains of a deceased person or still-born child;

‘Minister’ means the President of the Republic;

‘person in control’ has the same meaning as provided for in section 9;

‘pyre’ means a pile of wood on which human remains are disposed of as part of a funeral ceremony;

‘still born child’ means that the child, being of at least 7 months’ gestation or of a length of at least 14 inches, is not born alive;

‘testamentary instrument’ means a will or any codicil.

4 Acts binds Republic

This Act binds the Republic.

PART 2 – ADMINISTRATION

5 Funeral, Burial and Cremation Committee

A Funeral, Burial and Cremation Committee is established.

6 Membership

(1) The Committee shall consist of the Secretary for Land Management as the Chairperson and representatives from the following:

(2) The Heads of Departments shall nominate to the Chairperson his or her representative in the Committee:


(a) an employee of the Department at the commencement of this Act; and

(b) an employee in January of each successive year or where the nominated employee resigns or transfers from the respective Department.

7 Functions of the Committee

The functions of the Committee are to advise and make recommendations to the Minister on:


(a) applications for burials and cremations where necessary;

(b) the development and implementation of policies relating to funerals, burials and cremations;

(c) the design and the construction of a crematorium;

(d) developing policies for the designation and use of burial grounds and crematorium;

(e) developing policies for the disposal of ashes and other remains after cremations;

(f) the opening of new burial grounds or crematorium; and

(g) such other directions given by the Minister.

8 Meetings

(1) Meetings of the Committee shall be convened by the Chairperson and in his or her absence a nominated representative of the Chairperson.

(2) The Chairperson shall keep minutes of all meetings of the Committee.

(3) The Committee may establish its own practice and procedure for its meetings.

PART 3 – BURIAL OR CREMATION PROCEDURE

9 Persons in control of funerals, burials or cremations

(1) Subject to subsection (3), the control of the disposal of human remains by burial or cremation vest in the following persons in order of priority:

(2) Where the person at the top of the order of priority in subsection (1) is unavailable or unwilling to give instructions, the right to give instructions passes to the person who is next in the order of priority.

(3) Where a person prior to his or her death makes a testamentary instrument providing for the mode of disposal of his or her remains and by any specified person, the instructions contained in the testamentary instrument shall prevail over subsection (1).

10 Prerequisite for burial or cremation

A person in control shall not dispose of any human remains unless:

(a) an appropriate health practitioner has given notice of a certificate of death of the deceased; and

(b) the death of the deceased person has been registered by the Registrar of Births, Deaths and Marriages; and

(c) where an inquest is to be held into the death, the body is disposed of in accordance with an authority given by the coroner; and

(d) where the deceased died of any infectious or contagious disease, the corpse shall be placed and sealed in a body bag and transferred directly from the hospital or place of death to the burial ground or crematorium.

11 Person to provide information to Registrar of Births Deaths and Marriages

Where a person conducts a burial or in any other way disposes of human remains, he or she shall provide to the Registrar of Birth Deaths and Marriages:


(a) a declaration, signed by at least two reputable persons who witnessed the burial or other disposal, stating that the burial or other disposal, has been duly carried out; and

(b) where the death has not been registered – such information as the Registrar of Birth Deaths and Marriages requires for the purpose of registering the death.


12 Disposal of human remains within 24 hours

A person in control shall dispose of the human remains within 24 hours from:

(a) receiving the human remains from the hospital; or

(b) the time of the death where the death occurs at home and an appropriate health practitioner has certified the death without taking the deceased to the hospital; and

(c) compliance with section 10 (b).

13 Removal of human remains from the Republic

(1) A person in control shall not transport or remove any human remains from the Republic without:

(2) A person in control shall transport the human remains within 6 hours from receiving the human remains from the hospital.

14 Time for burials and cremations

(1) No burial or cremation shall take place before 7am or after 6pm on any day of the week without the prior approval of the Authority.

(2) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 12 months or to both.

PART 4 – BURIAL GROUNDS OR CREMATORIUM

15 Public burial grounds or crematorium

(1) The Minister shall on the recommendation of the Committee and in consultation with the Cabinet designate such place or places for a public burial ground or a crematorium.

(2) The Minister in consultation with the Cabinet for public purposes:

(3) Any land acquired for the purpose of subsection (1) shall be designated as a burial ground or crematorium and vests in the Republic free from all estates, interests, charges, rights, encumbrances or titles whatsoever in trust to be devoted to the burial or the cremation of human remains.

(4) Any public burial grounds or crematorium designated under subsection (1) shall be surveyed, pegged and gazetted.

(5) A public burial ground or crematorium shall not be used for any purpose other than any related purposes of the burial or cremation of human remains.

16 Burial grounds for race, faith etc

(1) The Minister in designating public burial grounds may designate such areas which shall be reserved for the burial of human remains of persons belonging to a specific community, religion or race.

(2) The conditions for such designation may be prescribed by regulations by the Minister.

17 Management of burial grounds or crematorium

(1) The Minister may appoint a person who shall have the management and control of the public burial grounds or crematorium and any person so appointed shall be deemed to be the Authority for burials or cremation.

(2) In the management and control of the public burial grounds or crematorium, a person appointed under subsection (1) shall:

18 Burial or cremation in designated burial grounds or crematorium

(1) No person shall bury or cremate any human remains in any place other than in a designated burial ground or crematorium.

(2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 12 months or to both.

19 Application to carry out burial or cremation

(1) Any application for the burial or cremation of human remains in a burial ground or crematorium shall be made to the Authority in the prescribed form.

(2) Any person making the application under subsection (1) shall:

20 Closure of burial grounds or crematorium


(1) The Minister may in consultation with the Cabinet close a burial ground or crematorium.

(2) A closed burial ground or crematorium shall not be sold, leased, disposed of or diverted for other purposes.

21 Reopening of closed burial ground or crematorium

The Minister may in consultation with the Cabinet reopen a closed burial ground or crematorium if he or she is satisfied that the burial ground or crematorium should be reopened.

PART 5 – REGISTER FOR BURIALS AND CREMATIONS

22 Register

(1) The Authority shall keep and maintain a Register for burials and cremation of human remains.

(2) The Authority shall record in the Register the following:

(3) The Authority commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $1,000 if, without reasonable excuse, the Authority fails to comply with the requirements of subsections (1) and (2).

(4) A person commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 6 months if the person alters the Register without lawful authority.

(5) For the purposes of any court proceeding, an entry in the Register made under this Act and duly certified by the Authority shall be received as sufficient evidence of the matters stated in the entry.

PART 6 – PUBLIC BURIAL GROUND

23 Reservation at burial ground

The Authority may on the application of any person reserve a place of burial in a public burial ground.

24 Place of interment

(1) The place for interment of an adult shall have a:

(2) The place for interment of a child under the age of 10 years shall have a:

25 One corpse per grave

No more than one corpse shall be placed in each grave at any given time except:

(a) in the case of interment of a child under 10 years, provided the upper most coffin is at least 1 meter below the ground surface; or

(b) more than 1 member of the same family may be interred at the same time in 1 grave provided the upper most coffin is at least 1 meter below the ground surface.

26 Space between graves

The space between the graves should be at least 50 centimetres.

27 Covering

Any person who buries a body shall fill or cause to be filled with turf or other material immediately after the burial the grave in which such body is placed and doing so shall allow sufficient turf or other material for the natural subsidence of the earth with which the grave has been filled.

28 Reopening or exhumation

No grave shall be reopened without an Order of the District Court.

29 Visitation rights

A public burial ground shall be open to the public from sunrise to sunset each day.

30 Tombstone and markings

(1) No tombstone or monument or markings shall be placed on any graves except as may be authorised by the Authority.

(2) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 12 months or to both.

31 Conduct of persons at burial grounds

(1) No person shall at any time in a burial ground:

(2) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 2 years.

32 Trespass

(1) A person shall not without the consent in writing of the Authority, enter, remain or be in the burial ground at any time between sunset and sunrise.

(2) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 6 months or to both.

33 Animals

(1) No person shall allow his or her domesticated or farm animals to stray into a designated burial ground.

(2) Any person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 6 months or to both.

34 Power of Police to remove persons or to compound animals

(1) A police officer shall have the power to arrest without warrant a person or, to remove any person or to compound any animal from a burial ground.

(2) A person who refuses to comply with the directions of a police officer commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 12 months or to both.

35 Interference with human remains in burial ground

(1) No person shall interfere with or offer any indignity to human remains interred in a burial ground.

(2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 5 years or to both.

36 Desecration

(1) A person shall not open, damage, desecrate or destroy a memorial or place of interment of human remains in a burial ground.

(2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 5 years or to both.

PART 7 – BURIALS AT SEA

37 No burial at sea

(1) A person in control shall not dispose of any human remains by burial at sea without the prior approval of the Minister.

(2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 5 years or to both.

38 Application for burial at sea

(1) An application for a burial at sea shall be made to the Authority by a person in control in the prescribed form.

(2) The application may be signed by an executor, where the deceased appointed an executor under his or her testamentary instrument, for the purposes of carrying out his or her funeral.

(3) The application shall be accompanied by a certificate from an appropriate health practitioner certifying that the human remains may be disposed of by way of burial at sea.

39 Approval for burial at sea

(1) The Authority shall submit the application to the Minister for his or her consideration.

(2) Without the prior approval of the Minister, no human remains shall be disposed of by way of burial at sea.

(3) The Minister may approve such application where the person in control provides sufficient evidence of any connection to the sea that the deceased may have had.

40 Circumstances where burial at sea shall not be allowed

The Minister in considering an application for burial at sea shall decline the application where there is reason to suspect that the death of the deceased was due directly or indirectly to:

(a) violence;

(b) poison;

(c) an infectious or contagious disease;

(d) privation or neglect; or

(e) an illegal operation.

41 Requirements

(1) No burial at sea shall take place:

(2) The person in control shall ensure:

(a) that the human remains:


(i) are not embalmed;

(ii) are wrapped securely in a natural fibre shroud or sail cloth and not in plastic or non-biodegradable material;

(iii) are not placed in a casket or such other container;

(iv) are weighted to allow it to sink to the bottom of the sea rapidly and permanently;

(b) that the vessel used to transport the human remains out to sea:

(3) A person who contravenes the provisions of this section commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 12 months or to both.

PART 8 – CREMATION

42 Forms of cremation

(1) Cremation of human remains may be carried out in the following manner:

(2) No petroleum products shall be used to ignite or rejuvenate fire in a pyre.

43 Construction of a crematorium

No crematorium shall be constructed without the prior approval of the Authority of:

(a) a building plan;

(b) the specifications of the equipment to be used for cremation; and

(c) the source of fire.


44 Application for cremation

(1) An application for cremation shall be made to the Authority by a person in control in the prescribed form.

(2) The application may be signed by an executor, where the deceased appointed an executor under his or her testamentary instrument, for the purposes of carrying out his or her funeral.

(3) The application shall be accompanied by a certificate from an appropriate health practitioner certifying that the human remains may be disposed of by way of cremation.

45 Approval for cremation

(1) The Authority shall submit the application to the Minister for his or her consideration.

(2) Without the prior approval of the Minister, no human remains shall be disposed of by way of cremation.

46 Circumstances where cremation shall not be allowed

The Minister in considering an application for cremation shall decline the application where there is reason to suspect that the death of the deceased was due directly or indirectly to:

(a) violence;

(b) poison;

(c) privation or neglect; or

(d) an illegal operation.

47 Cremation in special circumstances

(1) Despite section 9, any person having died of an infectious or contagious disease shall on the recommendation of a health practitioner be cremated.

(2) The corpse of any person who died of any infectious or contagious disease shall be placed and sealed in a body bag and transferred directly from the place of death to the crematorium.

(3) A person in control having been notified of a recommendation made under subsection (1) and who fails to comply with such recommendation commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 2 years or to both.

48 Ashes

(1) After a cremation, the Authority shall:

(2) Where the ashes or other remains are not collected by any person, the Authority may dispose of the ashes or other remains as provided for under section 49.

49 Disposal of ashes

(1) The ashes and other remains of the cremation shall be disposed of by:

(2) The ashes and other remains shall not be preserved in any form or place by any person.

(3) Any person who fails to dispose of the ashes commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 12 months or to both.

50 Removal of ashes from the Republic

(1) A person may remove ashes from the Republic with the approval of the Authority.

(2) No ashes shall be removed without the following:

51 Duty of the attendant

(1) The person in charge of the crematorium at any time of the cremation shall take all reasonable steps to satisfy himself or herself that the human remains presented for cremation are the human remains referred to in the copy of the application and in the approval granted by the Minister.

(2) For the purposes of this section, the person in charge may require the opening of the coffin or casket and the delivery to him of a statutory declaration or other evidence as to the identity of the deceased.

52 Fees for cremation

(1) The Authority may charge such fees as the Authority thinks fit in respect of a cremation and any other services provided by the Authority in relation to cremation.

(2) The Authority shall publish the fees it charges in the Gazette.

PART 9 – PROHIBITION ON HOME BURIALS

53 Prohibition on home burials

(1) No person shall bury any human remains, ashes or other remains from a cremation at their homes.

(2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 12 months or to both.

PART 10 – MISCELLANEOUS

54 Still born child

A still born child shall not be buried, cremated or otherwise disposed of unless the person in control of the disposal has obtained:

(a) a written certificate relating to the cause of death signed:

(b) a statutory declaration made by the person in charge of the disposal to notify the Authority that the child was stillborn:

55 Health practitioner certificate in relation to illness

(1) A health practitioner who attended the person during the illness shall if satisfied that the person’s death was a natural consequence of the illness, give a certificate for the death immediately after he or she learns of the death.

(2) An appropriate health practitioner other than the health practitioner who attended to the person during the illness may give a certificate of death if satisfied that the person’s death was a natural consequence of the illness and that:

56 Health practitioner certificate in case of accident or injury

(1) A health practitioner may give a certificate of death of a person even though a death may have been reported to the Nauru Police Force:

(2) The certificate shall contain the cause of death.

57 Burial or cremation of a destitute person

(1) Where the corpse of a person remains in the mortuary by reason that no claim or request has been made for the burial or cremation of a destitute person, the Authority may bury or cremate such person.

(2) The Authority shall obtain an Order of the District Court before the disposal of the unclaimed human remains.

(3) Where a person is known or believed to have belonged to a particular religious denomination, the Authority shall dispose of the human remains in accordance with the religious rites.

58 False or misleading information

(1) A person shall not make a statement that is false or misleading in a material particular whether by reason of the inclusion or omission of any particular information provided under this Act.

(2) A person who fails to comply with subsection (1) commits an offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 years.

59 Delegation

The Minister may delegate any of his or her functions or powers under this Act to another person unless expressly provided under any regulations.

60 Jurisdiction of the court

The District Court shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine all offences under this Act and, shall have power to impose the penalty or punishment in respect of the offences under this Act.

61 Evidentiary presumption

In proceedings for an offence under this Act, an apparently genuine document purporting to be a certificate signed by the Minister certifying a matter relating to a delegation, approval or authorisation under this Act is, in the absence of proof to the contrary, proof of the matters so certified.

62 Regulations

(1) The Cabinet may make regulations prescribing all matters that are necessary or convenient to be prescribed for giving effect to this Act.

(2) Without limiting subsection (1), the regulations may provide for:

PART 11 – REPEAL AND SAVINGS

63 Repeals

The Cemeteries Act 1922 is repealed by the provisions of this Act.

64 Savings

Despite the repeal of the Cemeteries Act 1922, all cemeteries specified under that Act remains and for the purposes of this Act, are designated burial grounds.



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